Most formalin-fixed tissues, especially those fixed with formalin and embedded in paraffin, require an epitope retrieval step prior to any immunochemical staining. The epitope retrieval step breaks some of the methylene bridges that cross-link proteins in formalin-fixed tissue and allows antibodies, probes or other immunochemicals to bind to unmasked epitopes or nucleic acids.
Heat-induced epitope retrieval (HEIR) and nucleic acid retrieval steps are most often performed using a conventional pressure cooker or a microwave oven. The Bio SB TintoRetriever is a precision-controlled heat source capable of maintaining a constant and reliable temperature while minimizing the potential for evaporation of the working solution under HIER procedure conditions.